ABSTRACT
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, is most common in sun-exposed areas of aged individuals. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is one causative agent of MCC. Cases of MCC concurrent with other skin tumors, especially squamous cell carcinoma, are rarely reported. Immunohistochemical staining is performed using antibodies to the MCPyV large-T antigen (CM2B4) only in select cases. To date, no cases of MCPyV have been reported in Korea. Here we report a case of MCC concurrent with squamous cell carcinoma in an aged man and discuss the pathogenesis of the case through CM2B4 staining.
ABSTRACT
PELVIS syndrome describes the constellation of perineal hemangioma, external genitalia malformations, lipomyelomeningocele, vesicorenal abnormalities, imperforate anus, and skin tag. A 2-month-old girl presented with infantile hemangioma on her perineum and genitalia with imperforate anus, rectovaginal fistula and perineal skin tag at birth. Under the impression of PELVIS syndrome, consequential spinal sonography was conducted and revealed an intrasacral meningocele without clinical neurologic deficit. The anorectal malformation was surgically corrected, she was taking oral propranolol for the cutaneous lesion, and she showed improvement and no complications.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Chondroid syringoma (CS) is an uncommon benign neoplasm of the head and neck seen in middle-aged to elderly individuals. Histopathologically, chondroid syringoma displays nests of cuboidal epithelial cells embedded in a matrix. It is classified as both a tubular branching lumina type and a small tubular lumina type and may exhibit a wide range of differentiation and metaplastic changes in the epithelial and stromal components. @*Objective@#To investigate the correlation between the clinical and histopathologic features of chondroid syringoma. @*Methods@#We evaluated the electronic medical records, clinical photographs, and histopathological slides of 17 patients diagnosed with chondroid syringoma. @*Results@#CS in the terminal hair skin tended to have larger lesions (p=0.036). Tumors in terminal hair skin demonstrated significantly more follicular differentiation (p=0.044) than those in the vellus hair skin. CS arising on the scalp tended to have more osseous metaplasia compared to those arising on non-scalp areas (p=0.022). @*Conclusion@#This study showed that the clinical and histopathological features of CS can differ depending on its location.
ABSTRACT
Vulvar melanosis (VM) is clinically characterized by asymmetric macules or patches of varying size with a tan to black color and irregular borders. VM is more commonly found among perimenopausal women with a median age of 42 years. The exact pathogenesis of VM is not well understood. The proposed etiological factors for VM include oral contraceptive use, infection with human papillomavirus, and chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. Histologic examination can easily differentiate mucosal lentiginosis from melanoma, but VM superimposed on a background of anogenital lichen sclerosus, both clinically and histologically, may mimic malignant melanoma. There have been two cases of VM associated with Dowling-Degos disease in the Korean dermatologic literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of VM associated with lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in the Korean dermatologic literature.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Chondroid syringoma (CS) is an uncommon benign neoplasm of the head and neck seen in middle-aged to elderly individuals. Histopathologically, chondroid syringoma displays nests of cuboidal epithelial cells embedded in a matrix. It is classified as both a tubular branching lumina type and a small tubular lumina type and may exhibit a wide range of differentiation and metaplastic changes in the epithelial and stromal components. @*Objective@#To investigate the correlation between the clinical and histopathologic features of chondroid syringoma. @*Methods@#We evaluated the electronic medical records, clinical photographs, and histopathological slides of 17 patients diagnosed with chondroid syringoma. @*Results@#CS in the terminal hair skin tended to have larger lesions (p=0.036). Tumors in terminal hair skin demonstrated significantly more follicular differentiation (p=0.044) than those in the vellus hair skin. CS arising on the scalp tended to have more osseous metaplasia compared to those arising on non-scalp areas (p=0.022). @*Conclusion@#This study showed that the clinical and histopathological features of CS can differ depending on its location.
ABSTRACT
Vulvar melanosis (VM) is clinically characterized by asymmetric macules or patches of varying size with a tan to black color and irregular borders. VM is more commonly found among perimenopausal women with a median age of 42 years. The exact pathogenesis of VM is not well understood. The proposed etiological factors for VM include oral contraceptive use, infection with human papillomavirus, and chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. Histologic examination can easily differentiate mucosal lentiginosis from melanoma, but VM superimposed on a background of anogenital lichen sclerosus, both clinically and histologically, may mimic malignant melanoma. There have been two cases of VM associated with Dowling-Degos disease in the Korean dermatologic literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of VM associated with lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in the Korean dermatologic literature.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common cause of hair loss in adults. Topical application of the fermented extract of medicinal plants promoted hair growth through stimulation of the telogen to anagen transition in a mouse model. However, controlled studies are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of the topical application of the fermented extract solution in humans. @*Objective@#We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of topical poly-gamma glutamic acid hydrogel nanoparticlebased fermented extract of a medicinal plant solution (PGA solution) in terms of the clinical improvements in patients with AGA. @*Methods@#This 24-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single-center clinical trial enrolled 50 patients with AGA (36 men and 14 women); the participants were treated with either PGA solution or placebo twice daily for 24 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by a phototrichogram (total hair count per 1 cm 2 ), patient’s subjective assessments, and investigator’s subjective assessments of clinical improvements in overall hair regrowth. Any adverse reactions were reported during the study. @*Results@#At week 24, compared with baseline, the PGA solution group showed a significantly increased hair density compared to the placebo group (7.24±2.52/cm 2 vs. 1.53±1.39/cm 2 , p＜0.0001). The average hair density after 24 weeks was 129.90±23.04/cm 2 and 115.32±20.35/cm 2 in the PGA solution group and the placebo group, respectively.There was no adverse reaction over the 24-week period. @*Conclusion@#PGA solution may provide a safe and effective adjunctive treatment for patients with AGA.
ABSTRACT
Syringoid eccrine carcinoma (SEC) is a rare cutaneous malignant tumor thought to be derived from eccrine sweat glands. It is usually present in the scalp and face and often occurs in the fourth to seventh decades of life. A 76-year-old female patient visited our department with a 3-year history of a lesion showing a 5×4 cm-sized erythematous firm plaque with ulceration on her right shoulder. Histological findings revealed a tumor consisting of numerous proliferating tubular structures with two layers of basaloid cells with cellular atypia. Some ductal structures showed a tadpole appearance. Based on these findings, the final diagnosis was SEC. The patient was treated with slow Mohs micrographic surgery and a full-thickness skin graft and did not show any recurrence during the follow-up period of 6 months. Herein, we report a very rare case of a 76-year-old woman diagnosed with SEC that developed on the right shoulder.
ABSTRACT
Lymphedema refers to inflammation that occurs in a part of the body owing to impaired lymphatic transport. Lymphedema arises as a consequence of a malformation or malfunction of the lymphatic system. It commonly occurs on the face, vulva, and penis and can cause superficial lesions known as lymphangiectasia. Common presenting symptoms include pain, pruritus, oozing of lymphatic fluid, sexual dysfunction, and infection. Prolonged lymphedema can lead to fibrosis and epidermal hyperplasia with verrucous hyperkeratosis. In rare cases, the lymphedema may mimic a skin tumor. We report the case of a 69-year-old woman who presented with erythematous oozing papules and hard nodules on the vulva, which mimicked a fibrous tumor.
ABSTRACT
Primary cutaneous nodular amyloidosis is a rare variant of primary cutaneous amyloidosis and manifests as nodular, light-chain, amyloid deposits that are localized to the skin. The pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear. It usually originates in the lower extremities, face, scalp, and genitals and presents clinically as waxy, yellowish erythematous colored nodules. Histological characteristics include diffuse homogenous eosinophilic deposits in the dermis or subcutaneous regions along with interspersed plasma cells. We report a case of a 72-year-old man who presented with fissured, erythematous, waxy nodules on the bilateral lip angles. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of primary cutaneous nodular amyloidosis of the lip angles in Korean dermatological literature.
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BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported that glucosamine (GlcN) showed therapeutic effects in allergic diseases such as asthma and rhinitis, and its mechanisms include the suppression of T helper type 2 immune responses and the nuclear factor-κB pathway. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the effect of GlcN on atopic dermatitis (AD) in an animal model. METHODS: Twenty-five BALB/c mice were divided into five groups (groups A~E). Group A was the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated group without AD induction. Group B was the PBS control group with AD induction. Groups C to E were the AD induction groups, which were treated with three different doses of GlcN (10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg, respectively). Histopathological examination was performed after GlcN administration. Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-17 cytokine levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using skin biopsy specimens. Serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations were measured before and after administration with GlcN or PBS. RESULTS: Clinical dermatitis scores decreased with increasing GlcN dose (p<0.001). Concentrations of tissue IL-13 and IL-17 decreased after GlcN administration (each group: p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively), but the concentrations of tissue IL-4 did not show differences across groups. Serum IgE levels tended to be lower after GlcN administration (p=0.004). Histopathological scores were not significantly different among groups B~E (p=0.394). CONCLUSION: GlcN improved AD symptoms and decreased tissue IL-13, IL-17, and serum total IgE levels in an animal model.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Allergy and Immunology , Anti-Allergic Agents , Asthma , Biopsy , Dermatitis , Dermatitis, Atopic , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Glucosamine , Immunoglobulin E , Immunoglobulins , Interleukin-13 , Interleukin-17 , Interleukin-4 , Interleukins , Models, Animal , Rhinitis , Skin , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Animals , Alopecia Areata , Alopecia , Lasers, Excimer , Models, AnimalABSTRACT
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) pemphigus is a rare variant of an autoimmune bullous disease with IgA antibodies. IgA pemphigus is divided into 2 major subtypes: the subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SPD) type and intraepidermal neutrophilic (IEN) dermatosis type. We documented a case of an 18-year-old woman with recurrent generalized blisters and pustules that were especially severe in the intertriginous areas. Some half-and-half blisters and coalesced pustules in an annular pattern with crusts were simultaneously observed. A biopsy specimen from one of the half-and-half blister lesions showed intraepidermal separation with multiple neutrophils. Direct immunofluorescence staining revealed lace-like intercellular deposition of IgA in the entire epidermis. IgA antibody deposits were also observed in the patient's serum. The eruptions cleared with systemic steroids and colchicine 0.6 mg for 1 week, and the patient remained in partial remission at the 8-month follow-up. Herein, we report a case of IEN-type IgA pemphigus, clinically mimicking SPD with half-and-half blisters.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Antibodies , Biopsy , Blister , Colchicine , Epidermis , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct , Follow-Up Studies , Immunoglobulin A , Immunoglobulins , Neutrophils , Pemphigus , Skin Diseases , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous , SteroidsABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Epithelial Cells , HemangiosarcomaABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Epithelial Cells , Fingers , Orthopedics , Radiation ExposureABSTRACT
Congenital hemangioma (CH) is a fully formed benign vascular tumor at the time of birth and do not proliferate in postnatal life. CH must be differentiated from infantile hemangioma. CH has three subtypes that are recognized based on their natural history: Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH), non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH), and partially involuting congenital hemangioma (PICH). It is important to distinguish RICH from NICH because RICH spontaneously regresses but NICH does not. Herein, we report two patients diagnosed with RICH and NICH, respectively. We presented the clinical features as well as ultrasonographic and histologic findings to distinguish congenital from infantile hemangioma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hemangioma , Natural History , ParturitionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Contact immune modulating therapy with diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) is a topical treatment option for extensive alopecia areata (AA). Because the response to DPCP treatment varies according to the patient, and it takes several months to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the treatment, it is necessary to identify the factors that can predict the prognosis of the disease while treating with topical DPCP. OBJECTIVE: In this study, cytokine levels in the scales of alopecic patches were investigated to identify whether they could predict response to DPCP during the early treatment period. METHODS: Scale samples were taken from the alopecic patches in eight AA patients at 1 week, 2 months, and 4 months after DPCP sensitization. The patients were divided into responders and non-responders according to the clinical responses of DPCP treatment. Interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12 and IL-10 levels of the subjects were compared in several perspectives. RESULTS: Cytokine levels after 1 week of DPCP sensitization showed no statistically significant difference between two groups. After 4 months of treatment, IFN-gamma levels were significantly lower in responders than in non-responders. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show IFN-gamma levels in the scales of alopecic patches might possibly reflect the clinical response in AA patients treated with DPCP. However, initial cytokine levels could not predict the treatment response.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alopecia Areata , Alopecia , Cytokines , Interferons , Interleukin-10 , Interleukin-12 , Interleukins , Prognosis , Treatment Outcome , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The recurrence rate of rosacea was not known very well, but has been reported as 60% in 6 months after withdrawal of the drug. It is not known which treatment can reduce relapses of rosacea effectively. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to identify whether 595 nm-pulsed dye laser (PDL) treatment reduced recurrence rate among rosacea patients who were treated with oral minocycline. METHODS: One hundred and seven Korean patients with rosacea who started treatment with oral minocycline (100 mg/d) with or without PDL (2∼4 sessions) were evaluated retrospectively. The recurrence rate was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and difference was evaluated using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of risk factors for the recurrence of rosacea. RESULTS: The recurrence-free survival analysis revealed that the group with oral minocycline plus PDL was significantly different compared with the group with oral minocycline alone (p=0.011). Cox proportional hazards model showed that the combined use of PDL with oral minocycline appeared to be a significant protective factor for the hazard of recurrence of rosacea (hazard ratio, 0.492; 95% CI, 0.257∼0.941; p=0.032). CONCLUSION: PDL can be used added to oral minocycline to reduce relapses among rosacea patients who are undergoing oral minocycline treatment.